1. Diversity, Discrimination, and Marginalisation

India is a land of immense diversity, encompassing linguistic, religious, ethnic, and cultural differences. However, this diversity has often been accompanied by discrimination and marginalisation based on factors like caste, religion, gender, and ethnicity. Understanding the interplay between diversity and inequality is crucial for addressing social injustices and promoting inclusive governance and societal development.

2. Gender and Politics

The relationship between gender and politics is a significant aspect of social justice. Issues like gender inequality, representation of women in political institutions, and gender-based violence are critical areas of study. Political science examines how gender shapes power dynamics, policy-making, and societal structures, and explores strategies for achieving gender equality and women's empowerment in political and public life.

3. Religion, Communalism, and Caste

Religion, communalism, and caste are deeply ingrained social structures that significantly influence political life in India. While religion fosters community and identity, communalism often leads to division and conflict. The historical and persistent system of caste has perpetuated social hierarchy and discrimination, impacting political representation and social justice discourse. Addressing these complex societal issues is central to India's political development.

4. Social Justice & Equality through Practice

Achieving social justice and equality through practice involves implementing policies and affirmative actions aimed at correcting historical injustices and ensuring equal opportunities for all citizens. This includes affirmative action policies like reservations, legal measures against discrimination, and programs for the empowerment of marginalized communities. Political science examines the effectiveness of these practices in promoting a more equitable and just society.